You are here: 7.0 Transport > Tra 04 Maximum car parking capacity

Tra 04 Maximum car parking capacity

Number of credits available	Minimum standards
Building type dependent	No

Aim

To encourage the use of alternative means of transport other than the private car to and from the building, thereby helping to reduce transport-related emissions and traffic congestion associated with the building’s operation.

Assessment criteria

The following is required to demonstrate compliance:

Up to two credits - Car parking capacity

The building’s car parking capacity is compared to the maximum car parking capacity benchmarks in Table 33 and the relevant number of BREEAM credits awarded.
For most building types, except those where stated, the benchmarks vary according to the building's public transport Accessibility Index (AI determined in accordance with BREEAM issue Tra 01 Public transport accessibility). Therefore, for these building types the AI must be determined prior to assessing this issue. This is required to ensure that the building’s car parking capacity is relative to the development's accessibility to the public transport network.

Checklists and tables

Table 33 Credits available in Tra04 Maximum car parking capacity for different building types

	Criteria			Credits
Building's Accessibility Index	< 4	≥ 4 - < 8	≥ 8

Building Type	Max. parking capacity 1 space per x building users, where x is:
Office, industrial, student residences and key worker accommodation	3	4	5	1
	4	5	6	2
Sheltered housing, care homes and supported living facility	4	5	6	1
Sheltered housing, care homes and supported living facility	5	6	7	2
Further and Higher Education	15	20	25	1
Further and Higher Education	20	25	30	2
Other Building – Transport type 1 and 2	3	4	5	1
Other Building – Transport type 1 and 2	4	5	6	2
Other Building – MOD (where building users are ‘living-out personnel’)	2	3	4	1
	3	4	5	2
For the building types listed below, the maximum number of parking spaces provided must not be greater than the total of the following:
Healthcare - Hospitals (acute, specialist, teaching, mental health)	One parking space for every four staff, plus; One parking space for every four beds, plus Two parking spaces for each consulting, examination, treatment, therapy room and A&E cubicle.			1
Healthcare - GP surgery, health centre, community hospital	One parking space for every two medical staff, plus; One parking space for every three non-medical staff, plus; Two parking spaces for each consulting, examination, treatment, therapy room and A&E cubicle.			1
Pre-school, schools, sixth form, Retail, Prison, Court, Other Building – Transport type 3, Other Building – Transport hubs	Issue not assessed for these building types

Compliance notes

Ref	Terms	Description
Shell and core
CN1	Applicable assessment criteria	Both options: All assessment criteria relevant to the building type and function apply.
Simple buildings
CN2	Applicable assessment criteria	This issue is not applicable.
General
CN3	Exclusions	Parking spaces set aside for the following building users can be excluded provided these spaces are dedicated for that use, i.e. sized accordingly with the appropriate signage/markings: Disabled Parent and baby Motorbike Car share . In the case of excluding car share spaces, the future building occupier will need to confirm they have an enforceable car share policy.
CN3.1	Parking shared with other buildings	Where the assessed building forms part of a wider site, e.g. campus, business park, hospital, and parking is not designated to individual buildings, then the assessor has two options: Assess compliance on the basis of parking capacity for the whole development, accounting for all existing and new users and parking spaces. Assess compliance using a pro-rata of parking capacity to building users, e.g. if the assessed building is occupied by 20% of the development’s total occupants, then attribute 20% of the total parking spaces to the assessed building for the purpose of the assessment.

Methodology

None.

Evidence

Criteria	Interim design stage	Final post construction stage
All	One or more of the appropriate evidence types listed in The BREEAM evidential requirements section can be used to demonstrate compliance with these criteria.
All	Where relevant, a completed copy of Tra 01 calculator confirming the building's Accessibility Index.	As per interim design stage.

Additional information

Relevant definitions

Accessibility Index

Refer to Tra 01 Public transport accessibility.

Building users

Where the term building users is referenced in this BREEAM issue it refers to the following, where relevant to the building type:

Staff (who will work within the building).
Students (who will access the building for work or study during a typical academic term-time/semester day).
Residents (who will reside permanently or for a short period of time in the building).

If known, or can be reasonably estimated, project specific occupancy figures should be used. If this is not possible, for example where the building is a speculative project, use the default occupancy rates given in Table 34 in the Other information section (below) to determine the number of users. Where the number of building users is variable, provision of parking spaces should be based on the maximum number of building users likely to be using the building at any time during a typical day.

Care homes

For the purpose of BREEAM, care homes are defined as those buildings which are legally required to register with the Commission for Social Care Inspection by the Care Standards Act, 2000.

Sheltered housing

Sheltered housing falls within Class C3 of the Town and Country Planning (Use Classes) Order 1987, and can be defined as self-contained accommodation, usually with an emergency alarm system, communal facilities and a resident warden. This includes all sheltered housing defined as 'Category 1, 2, 2.5 and 3' in accordance with the 1969 Ministry of Housing and Local Government Circular 82/69 and Local Authority Guidelines.

MOD Living-out personnel

This refers to staff that work in the assessed building and are not residents on the MOD site where the assessed building is located.

Other building types

See the BREEAM issue Tra 01 Public transport accessibility for a definition of other building types 1, 2 and 3.

Other information

Table 34 Default occupancy rates by building type

Building type and function area	Occupant density	Building type and function area	Occupant density
Business		Secure Residential Institution
Office area (including reception areas)	0.111	Cell	0.190
Food preparation area (staffed)	0.108	Reception	0.121
Small workshop/category lab space	0.068	Hall/lecture theatre/assembly area	0.183
Industrial		Eating/drinking area	0.141
Food preparation area	0.213	Workshop - small-scale	0.048
Industrial process area	0.022	Laundry	0.086
Laboratory	0.107	Classroom	0.183
Reception	0.110	Office and consulting areas	0.093
Warehouse storage	0.009	Food preparation area	0.111
Generic Office Area	0.108	Libraries, Museums, Galleries
Hospitals, care homes		Reception	0.095
Reception	0.152	Food preparation area	0.176
Post Mortem Facility	0.050	Hall/lecture theatre/assembly area	0.150
Food preparation area	0.161	Laboratory	0.098
Physiotherapy Studio	0.200	Workshop - small-scale	0.062
Bedroom Unit	0.105	Display and Public areas	0.150
Laundry	0.117	Generic Office Area	0.099
24-hours consulting/treatment areas	0.000	General Assembly and Leisure, Clubs, Theatres
Assembly areas/halls	1.000	Dry sports hall	0.047
Hydrotherapy pool hall	0.100	Fitness Studio	0.132
Industrial process area	0.124	Fitness suite/gym	0.170
Laboratory	0.080	Food preparation area	0.131
Operating theatre	0.125	Hall/lecture theatre/assembly area	0.175
Classroom	1.000	Auditoria	0.341
Diagnostic Imaging	0.100	Ice rink	0.225
Generic Ward	0.175	Performance area (stage)	0.049
Office and consulting areas	0.195	Public circulation areas	0.241
Primary Healthcare		Reception	0.126
Reception	0.11	Sales area - general	0.102
Office and consulting areas	0.082	Swimming pool	0.163
Further and Higher Education		Workshop - small-scale	0.067
Residents Bedroom	0.120	Generic Office Area	0.116
Classroom	0.203	Display area	0.001
Food preparation area	0.096	Community/day centres
Hall/lecture theatre/assembly area	0.202	Reception	0.108
Computer laboratory	0.231	Dry sports hall	0.047
Laboratory	0.106	Food preparation area	0.143
Laundry	0.105	Workshop - small scale	0.064
Reception	0.112	Hall/lecture theatre/assembly area	0.169
Workshop - small scale	0.068	Office and consulting areas	0.106
Office and consulting areas	0.098	Other spaces/buildings
Hotels		Data Centre	0.096
Bedroom	0.094	Server Room	0.096
Food preparation area	0.108	Heavy Plant Room	0.096
Reception	0.105
Generic Office Area	0.106

Notes for Table 34 of default occupancy rates:

The net floor area for each function must be multiplied by the equivalent occupant density to determine an overall occupancy for the function area.
Not all potential building areas are listed, only those required to reflect estimated building occupancy for the building type. For example, an office building may have a canteen but it will be the staff that predominantly uses the canteen. The office staff numbers will be estimated using the default occupancy rate for the office area; therefore to include the canteen would result in double counting of occupancy.
If a building type is not listed, occupancy rates for a similar building type or function area may be used.
The above occupancy rates have been sourced from the activity database of the Simplified Building Energy Model (SBEM).